+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)
New

Automotive Silicone Market: Analysis By Product Type, By Application (Interior And Exterior Parts, Electrical System, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Other Applications), By Region Size and Trends - Forecast up to 2029

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 154 Pages
  • October 2024
  • Region: Global
  • Daedal Research
  • ID: 6020542
The global automotive silicone market in 2023 stood at US$2.34 billion and is likely to reach US$3.49 billion by 2029. Automotive silicone refers to a group of silicone-based materials used in various applications within the automotive industry due to their durability, flexibility, and resistance to extreme temperatures, chemicals, and environmental factors. These materials are synthetic polymers derived from siloxane, known for their strong performance in harsh conditions. Silicone is used in the production of gaskets for engines, exhaust systems, and other critical components, ensuring that they maintain performance even under high thermal stress.

The growth of the global automotive silicone market is driven by several key factors, including the increasing demand for lightweight and energy-efficient vehicles, particularly electric vehicles (EVs), where silicone materials are crucial due to their heat resistance and electrical insulation properties. Additionally, the automotive industry's focus on improving safety, comfort, and performance has led to a greater reliance on silicone-based products in applications like gaskets, seals, and coatings. The material’s superior properties, such as resistance to extreme temperatures, durability, and flexibility, make it essential for modern vehicle components.

Moreover, stringent environmental regulations and the need to reduce vehicle emissions are pushing automakers to use silicone-based materials to meet higher performance and efficiency standards, further driving the market’s growth. Additionally, growth in connected and autonomous vehicles, sustainability and green manufacturing, Asia-pacific as a growth hub, expansion of the aftermarket segment, shift toward multi-functional silicones are propelling the market forward. The global automotive silicone market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.90% during the forecast period of 2024-2029.

Market Segmentation Analysis:

By Product Type: The report has segmented the global automotive silicone market into six segments namely, elastomers, resins, adhesives and sealants, fluids, gels and others. In 2023, the elastomers segment dominated the market share due to their exceptional flexibility, durability, and resistance to extreme temperatures, making them ideal for a wide range of automotive applications. Elastomers are commonly used in gaskets, seals, hoses, and various other components that require high-performance materials to withstand harsh environmental conditions.

Their ability to maintain stability and functionality under both high heat and cold conditions, along with their longevity and low maintenance, has contributed to their leading market position as automakers continue to prioritize performance and durability in vehicle components. On the other hand, adhesives and sealants segment is expected to grow the fastest during forecasted period due to the increasing demand for lightweight materials and the trend toward vehicle electrification. As automakers strive to reduce vehicle weight to improve fuel efficiency and battery performance in electric vehicles (EVs), adhesives and sealants are being used as alternatives to traditional mechanical fasteners, offering both strength and weight reduction.

By Application: The global automotive silicone market can be divided into five segments, according to application: Interior and Exterior Parts, Electrical Systems, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Others. Interior and exterior parts segment holds the largest market share in 2023 due to the increasing demand for lightweight, durable, and high-performance materials in vehicle manufacturing. Silicone offers excellent properties such as flexibility, temperature resistance, and weatherproofing, making it ideal for various applications, including seals, gaskets, trims, and interior components like dashboards and seating.

Moreover, the growing emphasis on vehicle aesthetics and comfort, drives manufacturers to utilize silicone materials for their superior performance and longevity in both interior and exterior automotive applications. On the other hand, electrical systems segment is expected to grow the fastest during forecasted period due to the increasing integration of advanced technologies in vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and smart automotive systems.

As vehicles become more electrified and equipped with sophisticated electronic components, the demand for high-performance silicone materials that can withstand extreme temperatures, humidity, and electrical insulation requirements rises. Silicone's exceptional thermal stability and dielectric properties make it an ideal choice for encapsulating electrical components, improving reliability and safety.

By Region: According to this report, the global automotive silicone market can be divided into four major regions: Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea and Rest of Asia Pacific), North America (The US, Canada and Mexico), Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain and Rest of Europe) and Rest of the world. In 2023, Asia Pacific dominated the global automotive silicone market and is expected to grow at the fastest CAGR from 2024 to 2029 as the region is home to major automotive manufacturing hubs, particularly in countries like China, Japan, and India, where the demand for vehicles is rapidly increasing.

The shift towards electric vehicles and the rising need for advanced automotive technologies further drive the demand for high-performance silicone materials. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable transportation and stricter regulations on vehicle emissions encourage manufacturers to adopt innovative materials, boosting the market for automotive silicone in the region. Furthermore, the growing disposable income and changing consumer preferences in emerging markets contribute to the expansion of the automotive sector in Asia Pacific, positioning it for significant growth in the coming years.

Global Automotive Silicone Market Dynamics:

Growth Drivers: The expansion of the automotive industry is a key growth driver of the global automotive silicone market, as increasing vehicle production directly fuels the demand for advanced materials like silicone. Rapid urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and growing consumer demand for personal and commercial vehicles, particularly in emerging markets such as China and India, contribute to the expansion of the automotive sector.

As automakers seek to enhance vehicle performance, safety, and sustainability, silicone’s versatile properties such as thermal stability, flexibility, and resistance to wear - make it an essential material in various automotive applications, including sealing, insulation, and component protection. Further, the market is expected to grow owing to the growing demand for in-car electronics, demand for lightweight and fuel-efficient vehicles, stringent environmental regulations, focus on durability and performance etc. in recent years.

Challenges: Fluctuating raw material prices pose a significant challenge for the automotive silicone market because silicone is derived from silica, a material that is subject to supply chain disruptions and price volatility. Factors such as changes in energy costs, availability of raw materials, and geopolitical events can impact the price and supply of silicone. These fluctuations make it difficult for manufacturers to maintain stable production costs, which can lead to increased prices for end products.

Additionally, rising raw material costs can reduce profit margins for automotive suppliers, potentially slowing down market growth. This unpredictability creates challenges in pricing strategies and long-term planning for manufacturers in the automotive silicone industry. Additionally, factors like competition from alternative materials etc. are other challenges to the market.

Market Trends: As the automotive industry shifts towards electrification, the demand for advanced materials that can withstand the specific requirements of EV applications rises. Silicone offers superior thermal stability, electrical insulation, and durability, making it ideal for various components in EVs, such as battery housings, connectors, and insulation materials. Additionally, silicone's lightweight nature contributes to enhancing the overall efficiency and performance of electric vehicles.

This growing focus on EVs not only boosts the demand for automotive silicone but also aligns with global trends toward sustainability and reduced carbon emissions, further propelling market growth. More trends in the market are believed to grow the automotive silicone market during the forecasted period, which may include the growth in connected and autonomous vehicles, sustainability and green manufacturing, Asia-Pacific as a growth hub, expansion of the aftermarket segment, shift toward multi-functional silicones, etc.

Impact Analysis of COVID-19 and Way Forward:

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the global automotive silicone market due to supply chain interruptions, factory shutdowns, and reduced vehicle production. However, post-pandemic recovery, with the increasing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) and advanced automotive technologies, is driving the market's resurgence. Additionally, heightened focus on sustainability and improved vehicle efficiency post-COVID is boosting the demand for high-performance materials like silicone in the automotive sector.

Competitive Landscape and Recent Developments:

The global automotive silicone market is generally considered a fragmented market as market consists of a large number of global, regional, and local players, each offering a variety of silicone products. These players compete on product innovation, quality, and pricing. Some focus on specific silicone applications, such as gaskets and seals, while others supply to a broader range of automotive components. The competitive landscape is marked by intense rivalry among players.

Key players in the automotive silicone market are:

  • Evonik Industries AG
  • The Dow Chemical Company
  • Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Henkel AG & Co. KGaA
  • Elkem ASA
  • Wacker Chemie AG
  • 3M Company
  • KCC Corporation
  • Novagard Solutions
  • Siltech Corporation
Companies focus on R&D to create innovative technologies, invest in modern production technology, and employ novel marketing techniques emphasizing customer awareness and education. Strategic partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions are common as firms seek to expand their product offerings and market presence. An example of this in March 2023, Shin-Etsu Chemical developed a silicone rubber formulation suitable for molding, specifically designed to serve as an ideal insulation covering material for high-voltage cables within automobiles. Also, In December 2022, Dow launched silicone rubber series, which can be used across multiple automotive applications such as connector seals, battery vent gaskets and radiator gasket seals for electric and hybrid vehicles, as well as environmental protection seals for autonomous vehicles’ lidar and radar housing.

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction
2.1 Automotive Silicone: An Overview
2.1.1 Definition of Automotive Silicone
2.1.2 Silicone Properties and Their Benefits
2.2 Automotive Silicone Segmentation: An Overview
2.2.1 Automotive Silicone Segmentation
3. Global Market Analysis
3.1 Global Automotive Silicone Market: An Analysis
3.1.1 Global Automotive Silicone Market: An Overview
3.1.2 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.1.3 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type (Elastomers, Resins, Adhesives and Sealants, Fluids, Gels, and Other Products)
3.1.4 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Application (Interior and Exterior Parts, Electrical System, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Other Applications)
3.1.5 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Region
3.2 Global Automotive Silicone Market: Product Type Analysis
3.2.1 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type: An Overview
3.2.2 Global Elastomers Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.2.3 Global Resins Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.2.4 Global Adhesives and Sealants Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.2.5 Global Fluids Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.2.6 Global Gels Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.2.7 Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.3 Global Automotive Silicone Market: Application Analysis
3.3.1 Global Automotive Silicone Market by Application: An Overview
3.3.2 Global Interior And Exterior Parts Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.3.3 Global Electrical Systems Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.3.4 Global Engine & Drive Train System Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.3.5 Global Suspension System Automotive Silicone Market by Value
3.3.6 Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4. Regional Market Analysis
4.1 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market: An Analysis
4.1.1 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market: An Overview
4.1.2 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.1.3 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type (Elastomers, Resins, Adhesives and Sealants, Fluids, Gels, and Other Products)
4.1.4 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value
4.1.5 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Application (Interior and Exterior Parts, Electrical System, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Other Applications)
4.1.6 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value
4.1.7 Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Region (China, Japan, India, South Korea and Rest of Asia Pacific)
4.1.8 China Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.1.9 Japan Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.1.10 India Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.1.11 South Korea Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.1.12 Rest of Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.2 North America Automotive Silicone Market: An Analysis
4.2.1 North America Automotive Silicone Market: An Overview
4.2.2 North America Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.2.3 North America Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type (Elastomers, Resins, Adhesives and Sealants, Fluids, Gels, and Other Products)
4.2.4 North America Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value
4.2.5 North America Automotive Silicone Market by Application (Interior and Exterior Parts, Electrical System, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Other Applications)
4.2.6 North America Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value
4.2.7 North America Automotive Silicone Market by Region (The US, Canada and Mexico)
4.2.8 The US Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.2.9 Canada Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.2.10 Mexico Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3 Europe Automotive Silicone Market: An Analysis
4.3.1 Europe Automotive Silicone Market: An Overview
4.3.2 Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.3 Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type (Elastomers, Resins, Adhesives and Sealants, Fluids, Gels, and Other Products)
4.3.4 Europe Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value
4.3.5 Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Application (Interior and Exterior Parts, Electrical System, Engine & Drive Train System, Suspension Systems and Other Applications)
4.3.6 Europe Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value
4.3.7 Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Region (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain and Rest of Europe)
4.3.8 Germany Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.9 UK Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.10 France Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.11 Italy Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.12 Spain Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.3.13 Rest of Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value
4.4 Rest of the World Automotive Silicone Market: An Analysis
4.4.1 Rest of the World Automotive Silicone Market: An Overview
4.4.2 Rest of the World Automotive Silicone Market by Value
5. Impact of COVID-19
5.1 Impact of COVID-19 on Global Automotive Silicone Market
5.2 Post COVID-19 Impact on Global Automotive Silicone Market
6. Market Dynamics
6.1 Growth Drivers
6.1.1 Expansion of the Automotive Industry
6.1.2 Growing Demand for In-Car Electronics
6.1.3 Rising Demand for Lightweight and Fuel-Efficient Vehicles
6.1.4 Stringent Environmental Regulations
6.1.5 Focus on Durability and Performance
6.2 Challenges
6.2.1 Fluctuating Raw Material Prices
6.2.2 Competition from Alternative Materials
6.3 Market Trends
6.3.1 Shift towards Electric Vehicles (EVs)
6.3.2 Growth in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
6.3.3 Sustainability and Green Manufacturing
6.3.4 Asia-Pacific as a Growth Hub
6.3.5 Expansion of the Aftermarket Segment
6.3.6 Shift toward Multi-functional Silicones
7. Competitive Landscape
7.1 Global Automotive Silicone Market: Competitive Landscape
7.2 Global Automotive Silicone Market Players by Recent Developments
8. Company Profiles
8.1 Evonik Industries AG
8.1.1 Business Overview
8.1.2 Operating Segments
8.1.3 Business Strategy
8.2 The Dow Chemical Company
8.2.1 Business Overview
8.2.2 Operating Segments
8.2.3 Business Strategy
8.3 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
8.3.1 Business Overview
8.3.2 Operating Segments
8.3.3 Business Strategy
8.4 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA
8.4.1 Business Overview
8.4.2 Sales by Business Units
8.4.3 Business Strategy
8.5 Elkem ASA
8.5.1 Business Overview
8.5.2 Operating Segments
8.5.3 Business Strategy
8.6 Wacker Chemie AG
8.6.1 Business Overview
8.6.2 Operating Segments
8.6.3 Business Strategy
8.7 3M Company
8.7.1 Business Overview
8.7.2 Operating Segments
8.7.3 Business Strategies
8.8 KCC Corporation
8.8.1 Business Overview
8.8.2 Business Strategy
8.9 Novagard Solutions
8.9.1 Business Overview
8.9.2 Business Strategy
8.10 Siltech Corporation
8.10.1 Business Overview
List of Figures
Figure 1: Silicone Properties and Their Benefits
Figure 2: Automotive Silicone Segmentation
Figure 3: Global Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Billion)
Figure 4: Global Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Billion)
Figure 5: Global Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 6: Global Automotive Silicone Market by Application; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 7: Global Automotive Silicone Market by Region; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 8: Global Elastomers Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 9: Global Elastomers Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Billion)
Figure 10: Global Resins Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 11: Global Resins Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 12: Global Adhesives and Sealants Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 13: Global Adhesives and Sealants Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 14: Global Fluids Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 15: Global Fluids Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 16: Global Gels Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 17: Global Gels Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 18: Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 19: Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 20: Global Interior and Exterior Parts Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 21: Global Interior and Exterior Parts Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 22: Global Electrical Systems Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 23: Global Electrical Systems Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 24: Global Engine & Drive Train System Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 25: Global Engine & Drive Train System Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 26: Global Suspension System Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 27: Global Suspension System Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 28: Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 29: Global Others Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 30: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 31: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Billion)
Figure 32: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 33: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 34: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Application; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 35: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 36: Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Region; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 37: China Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 38: China Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 39: Japan Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 40: Japan Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 41: India Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 42: India Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 43: South Korea Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 44: South Korea Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 45: Rest of Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 46: Rest of Asia Pacific Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 47: North America Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 48: North America Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 49: North America Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 50: North America Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 51: North America Automotive Silicone Market by Application; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 52: North America Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 53: North America Automotive Silicone Market by Region; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 54: The US Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 55: The US Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 56: Canada Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 57: Canada Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 58: Mexico Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 59: Mexico Automotive Silicone Market by Value, 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 60: Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 61: Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 62: Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Product Type; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 63: Europe Automotive Silicone Market Product Type by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 64: Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Application; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 65: Europe Automotive Silicone Market Application by Value, 2023-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 66: Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Region; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 67: Germany Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 68: Germany Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 69: UK Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 70: UK Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 71: France Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 72: France Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 73: Italy Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 74: Italy Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure75: Spain Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 76: Spain Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 77: Rest of Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 78: Rest of Europe Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 79: Rest of the World Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2019-2023 (US$ Million)
Figure 80: Rest of the World Automotive Silicone Market by Value; 2024-2029 (US$ Million)
Figure 81: Global Motor Vehicle Production; 2019-2023 (Million)
Figure 82: Global Electric Car Sales by Region; 2020-2024 (Million)
Figure 83: Global Number of Autonomous Vehicles; 2022-2030 (Thousand)
Figure 84: Evonik Industries AG Sales by Segment; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 85: The Dow Chemical Company Net Sales by Segments; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 86: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Net Sales by Segments; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 87: Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Net Sales by Business Units; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 88: Elkem ASA Net Revenue by Segments; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 89: Wacker Chemie AG Net Sales by Business Divisions; 2023 (Percentage, %)
Figure 90: 3M Sales by Segments; 2023 (Percentage, %)