Accident Prevention and Investigation enables readers to reduce the number of accidents and casualties during experiments at universities by using new approaches based on scientific knowledge and data. Demonstrated through case studies illustrating successful implementation, the book explores alternate perspectives on mechanisms and contributing factors of accidents, derived from investigation of real accidents.
Readers will first learn how accidents occur and understand how to prevent them. Next, they will learn how to use the discussed methods to conduct systematic accident prevention at universities, including fieldwork activities at sea.
In this book, readers will find: - Tools to understand how to apply different accident prevention methods depending on the logistics of an experiment - Guidelines to investigate and analyze accidents and near-misses - Information on accident theory, risk management, and safety management systems - Specific challenges at universities and how to systematically incorporate accident investigation and prevention when faced with factors from multiple industry types - Helpful checklists to aid readers in the practical application of accident reduction
This book is an essential reference for faculty, researchers, and advanced students seeking to reduce the number of accidents on campus and in university-affiliated field work. It is also an ideal textbook for courses using a systematic approach to safety.
Table of Contents
Contents
Chapter1
Current state of accidents at universities...........................................................................................xx
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................xx
1.2 Background..............................................................................................................................xx
1.3 Modes and effects of human error................................................................................................xx
1.4 Transition from human error to human factors..............................................................................xx
1.5 Development of the SHEL Model..................................................................................................xx
1.6 Change in the social system and the shift from criminal to safety investigations.................................xx
1.7 Widespread use of safety management systems.............................................................................xx
1.8 Development of the Swiss cheese model.......................................................................................xx
1.9 Characteristics of universities and other academic institutions and safety management systems...........xx
1.10 Explosion accidents in universities...............................................................................................xx
1.11 Consequences of non-exhaustive and non-scientific accident investigation........................................xx
1.12 Challenges in preventing accidents in universities, etc....................................................................xx
1.13 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 2
Mechanisms of accident occurrence....................................................................................................xx
2.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................xx
2.2 Concept of hazard and accident....................................................................................................xx
2.3 Effect of a layer of defence...........................................................................................................xx
2.4 Situation of defences in depth and accidents...................................................................................xx
2.5 Near misses................................................................................................................................xx
2.6 Lessons learned..........................................................................................................................xx
2.7 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 3
Accident models...............................................................................................................................xx
3.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................xx
3.2 Historical background of accident model..........................................................................................xx
3.3 Problems in each accident model...................................................................................................xx
3.4 Accident models applicable to each industry....................................................................................xx
3.5 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 4
Risk management and safety management systems..............................................................................xx
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................xx
4.2 Differences between risk assessment and risk management...............................................................xx
4.3 Concept of risk management process...............................................................................................xx
4.4 The core of the safety management system.......................................................................................xx
4.5 Organisational structure and authority...............................................................................................xx
4.6 Conclusion....................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 5
Human Factors....................................................................................................................................xx
5.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................xx
5.2 Background...................................................................................................................................xx
5.3 Aims and scope of human factors investigations.................................................................................xx
5.4 SHEL model applicable to accidents at universities etc........................................................................xx
5.5 Safety culture................................................................................................................................xx
5.6 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 6
Accident Investigation and Analysis.........................................................................................................xx
6.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................xx
6.2 Points to be considered when conducting accident investigations at universities, etc.................................xx
6.3 Accident investigation at the accident site...........................................................................................xx
6.5 Assessing the evidence.....................................................................................................................xx
6.6 Analysis process..............................................................................................................................xx
6.7 Writing the accident investigation report.............................................................................................xx
6.8 Follow-up actions after issuing reports...............................................................................................xx
6.9 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 7
Contributing factors found in accidents......................................................................................................xx
7.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................xx
7.2 Methods of utilising accident factors....................................................................................................xx
7.3 Software/Procedures.........................................................................................................................xx
7.4 Hardware/Equipment........................................................................................................................xx
7.5 Environment/Atmosphere...................................................................................................................xx
7.6 Operators/Researchers......................................................................................................................xx
7.7 Organisations/Universities................................................................................................................xx
7.8 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................xx
Chapter 8
Systematic accident prevention...........................................................................................................xx
8.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................xx
8.2 Education.....................................................................................................................................xx
8.3 Workplace inspections and internal audits.........................................................................................xx
8.4 Investigation of near misses and accidents.......................................................................................xx
8.5 Follow-up action...........................................................................................................................xx
8.6 Using the data.............................................................................................................................xx
8.7 Conclusion...................................................................................................................................xx
