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The Global Market for Green (Low-Carbon) Steel 2025-2035

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    Report

  • January 2025
  • Region: Global
  • Future Markets, Inc
  • ID: 6041976

Green steel refers to steel produced using technologies and processes that result in significantly lower CO2 emissions compared to conventional production methods. As countries around the world set ambitious decarbonization targets, the steel sector is under increasing pressure to adopt cleaner technologies and processes. This shift is driving rapid advancements in low-carbon steelmaking, with a focus on hydrogen-based production, carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS), and electrification using renewable energy.

Many major steel producers have announced plans to invest billions of dollars in low-carbon production capacity over the coming years. Europe is currently leading the charge, with companies like ArcelorMittal, SSAB, and Thyssenkrupp all pursuing green steel initiatives. China, the world's largest steel producer, has also set targets to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, which is expected to drive significant investments in low-carbon steelmaking.

Looking ahead, the green steel market is projected to grow rapidly as more companies adopt clean production technologies and governments implement supportive policies. This growth will be driven by increasing demand from key end-use industries such as automotive, construction, and consumer appliances, as well as rising carbon prices and stricter emissions regulations. In terms of regional demand, Europe is expected to be a key market for green steel over the next decade, driven by the EU's ambitious climate targets and the implementation of a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) that will put a price on imported steel based on its carbon content. 

Despite the positive outlook, the green steel market faces several challenges that could impact its growth trajectory. One of the biggest barriers is the high cost of low-carbon production technologies compared to conventional steelmaking processes. While costs are expected to come down over time as technologies mature and scale up, green steel is likely to remain more expensive than traditional steel in the near term. Other challenges include limited availability of renewable energy and green hydrogen, regulatory uncertainty, and technical limitations of some low-carbon production processes. Overall, the market for green steel is expected to grow significantly over the next decade as the industry transitions towards more sustainable production methods. With major investments planned by steel producers around the world and increasing demand from key end-use sectors, low-carbon steel is poised to play a critical role in the global decarbonization effort. However, the industry will need to overcome several challenges related to costs, infrastructure, and technology readiness in order to fully realize the potential of green steel.

The Global Market for Green (Low-Carbon) Steel 2025-2035 is a comprehensive market report analyzing the rapidly evolving green steel industry, focusing on current and emerging low-carbon production technologies, key players, market trends, challenges, and opportunities. 

The report provides an in-depth look at the global green steel market, starting with an introduction to current steelmaking processes and the industry's decarbonization targets and policies. It explores the properties of green steel, and analyzes various clean production technologies including their advantages, limitations and technology readiness levels (TRLs). Key technologies covered include hydrogen DRI, molten oxide electrolysis, CCUS, biochar, hydrogen plasma reduction, and more.

The market for green steel is segmented by major end-use industries such as automotive, construction, consumer appliances, machinery, rail, packaging and electronics. For each industry, the report provides an overview, green steel applications, and case studies. Profiles of more than 40 producers and technology providers are included.

Current and planned green steel production capacity is mapped globally, with a focus on key players and projects in regions including Europe, North America, China, India, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and South America. The competitive landscape is analyzed, highlighting major steel producers, technology providers, and partnerships across the value chain.

The report includes market forecasts to 2035, with projections for green steel production capacity, volumes, market value, and regional demand. Granular data is provided for production versus demand through 2035, as well as forecast revenues by end-use industry and region. This enables industry stakeholders to identify target markets and applications where green steel demand is predicted to surge over the coming decade.

Beyond an analysis of market drivers and trends, the report delves into the challenges facing the green steel industry as it scales up novel technologies and competes with incumbent production processes. Regulatory and cost barriers are examined, as well as issues around technology readiness and raw material availability.

The report serves as an essential resource for companies across the green steel value chain, including iron and steel producers, hydrogen and renewable energy providers, technology developers, plant equipment suppliers, end-users, investors, and government stakeholders. It provides the data and insights needed to make informed decisions as the green steel market grows from a niche to the mainstream over the next decade.

Key topics covered in the report include:

  • Introduction to green steel, its properties and emissions reduction potential
  • Decarbonization targets, policies and carbon pricing impacting the steel industry
  • Analysis of low-carbon production technologies including hydrogen DRI, CCUS, electrolysis, etc.
  • Segmentation of the green steel market by end-use industry
  • Profiles of major green steel producers and clean technology providers.
  • Global mapping of low-carbon steel production capacity and investments to 2035
  • Challenges and barriers to market growth
  • Granular market forecasts for green steel supply, demand and revenues by end-use and region
  • Future green steel market outlook to 2035

The green steel revolution is just beginning, and this report is an invaluable guide to help navigate the rapidly evolving market landscape through 2035. It is a must-read for anyone looking to understand and capitalize on the sustainable transformation of one of the world's most carbon-intensive industries.

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Current Steelmaking processes
1.2 "Double carbon" (carbon peak and carbon neutrality) goals and ultra-low emissions requirements
1.3 What is green steel?
1.3.1 Properties
1.3.2 Decarbonization target and policies
1.3.2.1 EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
1.3.3 Advances in clean production technologies
1.4 Production technologies
1.4.1 The role of hydrogen
1.4.2 Comparative analysis
1.4.3 Hydrogen Direct Reduced Iron (DRI)
1.4.4 Electrolysis
1.4.5 Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)
1.4.6 Biochar replacing coke
1.4.7 Hydrogen Blast Furnace
1.4.8 Renewable energy powered processes
1.4.9 Flash ironmaking
1.4.10 Hydrogen Plasma Iron Ore Reduction
1.4.11 Ferrous Bioprocessing
1.4.12 Microwave Processing
1.4.13 Additive Manufacturing
1.4.14 Technology readiness level (TRL)
1.5 Advanced materials in green steel
1.5.1 Composite electrodes
1.5.2 Solid oxide materials
1.5.3 Hydrogen storage metals
1.5.4 Carbon composite steels
1.5.5 Coatings and membranes
1.5.6 Sustainable binders
1.5.7 Iron ore catalysts
1.5.8 Carbon capture materials
1.5.9 Waste gas utilization
1.6 Advantages and disadvantages of green steel
1.7 Markets and applications
1.8 Energy Savings and Cost Reduction in Steel Production
1.9 Digitalization
1.10 Biomass Steel Production and Sustainable Green Steel Production Chain

2 THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR GREEN STEEL
2.1 Global steel production
2.1.1 Steel prices
2.1.2 Green steel prices
2.2 Green steel plants and production, current and planned
2.3 Market map
2.4 SWOT analysis
2.5 Market trends and opportunities
2.6 Industry developments, funding and innovation 2022-2025
2.7 Market growth drivers
2.8 Market challenges
2.9 End-use industries
2.9.1 Automotive
2.9.1.1 Market overview
2.9.1.2 Applications
2.9.2 Construction
2.9.2.1 Market overview
2.9.2.2 Applications
2.9.3 Consumer appliances
2.9.3.1 Market overview
2.9.3.2 Applications
2.9.4 Machinery
2.9.4.1 Market overview
2.9.4.2 Applications
2.9.5 Rail
2.9.5.1 Market overview
2.9.5.2 Applications
2.9.6 Packaging
2.9.6.1 Market overview
2.9.6.2 Applications
2.9.7 Electronics
2.9.7.1 Market overview
2.9.7.2 Applications

3 GLOBAL MARKET PRODUCTION AND DEMAND
3.1 Production Capacity 2020-2035
3.2 Production vs. Demand 2020-2035
3.3 Revenues 2020-2035
3.3.1 By end-use industry
3.3.2 By region
3.3.2.1 North America
3.3.2.2 Europe
3.3.2.3 China
3.3.2.4 India
3.3.2.5 Asia-Pacific (excl. China)
3.3.2.6 Middle East & Africa
3.3.2.7 South America
3.4 Competitive landscape
3.5 Market outlook

4 COMPANY PROFILES (46 company profiles)5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY6 LIST OF ACRONYMS7 REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Properties of Green steels
Table 2. Global Decarbonization Targets and Policies related to Green Steel
Table 3. Estimated cost for iron and steel industry under the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
Table 4. Hydrogen-based steelmaking technologies
Table 5. Comparison of green steel production technologies
Table 6. Advantages and disadvantages of each potential hydrogen carrier
Table 7. CCUS in green steel production
Table 8. Biochar in steel and metal
Table 9. Hydrogen blast furnace schematic
Table 10. Applications of microwave processing in green steelmaking
Table 11. Applications of additive manufacturing (AM) in steelmaking
Table 12. Technology readiness level (TRL) for key green steel production technologies
Table 13. Coatings and membranes in green steel production
Table 14. Advantages and disadvantages of green steel
Table 15. Markets and applications: green steel
Table 16. Green Steel Plants - Current and Planned Production
Table 17. Industry developments and innovation in Green steel, 2022-2025
Table 18. Summary of market growth drivers for Green steel
Table 19. Market challenges in Green steel
Table 20. Supply agreements between green steel producers and automakers
Table 21. Applications of green steel in the automotive industry
Table 22. Applications of green steel in the construction industry
Table 23. Applications of green steel in the consumer appliances industry
Table 24. Applications of green steel in machinery
Table 25. Applications of green steel in the rail industry
Table 26. Applications of green steel in the packaging industry
Table 27. Applications of green steel in the electronics industry
Table 28. Low-Emissions Steel Production Capacity 2020-2035 (Million Metric Tons)
Table 29. Low-Emissions Steel Production vs. Demand 2020-2035 (Million Metric Tons)
Table 30. Low-Emissions Steel Market Revenues 2020-2035
Table 31. Demand for Low-Emissions Steel by End-Use Industry 2020-2035 (Million Metric Tons)
Table 32. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035 (Million Metric Tons)
Table 33. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, NORTH AMERICA (Million Metric Tons)
Table 34. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, EUROPE (Million Metric Tons)
Table 35. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, CHINA (Million Metric Tons)
Table 36. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, INDIA (Million Metric Tons)
Table 37. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, ASIA-PACIFIC (excluding China) (Million Metric Tons)
Table 38. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA (Million Metric Tons)
Table 39. Regional Demand for Low-Emissions Steel 2020-2035, SOUTH AMERICA (Million Metric Tons)
Table 40. Key players in Green steel, location and production methods

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Share of (a) production, (b) energy consumption and (c) CO2 emissions from different steel making routes
Figure 2. Transition to hydrogen-based production
Figure 3. CO2 emissions from steelmaking (tCO2/ton crude steel)
Figure 4. CO2 emissions of different process routes for liquid steel
Figure 5. Hydrogen Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) process
Figure 6. Molten oxide electrolysis process
Figure 7. Steelmaking with CCS
Figure 8. Flash ironmaking process
Figure 9. Hydrogen Plasma Iron Ore Reduction process
Figure 10. Green steel market map
Figure 11. SWOT analysis: Green steel
Figure 12. Low-Emissions Steel Production Capacity 2020-2035 (Million Metric Tons)
Figure 13. ArcelorMittal decarbonization strategy
Figure 14. HYBRIT process schematic
Figure 15. Schematic of HyREX technology
Figure 16. EAF Quantum

Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

  • Algoma Steel
  • Aperam BioEnergia
  • ArcelorMittal SA
  • Blastr Green Steel
  • Boston Metal
  • China Baowu Steel Group
  • Compañía de Aceros del Pacífico (CAP)
  • Electra Steel
  • Emirates Steel Arkan
  • GravitHy
  • Georgsmarienhütte Holding GmbH
  • Greeniron H2 AB
  • HBIS Group
  • Helios
  • Hybrit Development AB
  • Hybar LLC
  • Hydnum Steel
  • Hyundai Steel
  • JFE Steel
  • Jindal Shadeed Group
  • JSW Steel
  • Kobe Steel Ltd.
  • Liberty Steel Group
  • Limelight Steel
  • Magsort Oy
  • Meranti Green Steel
  • Mitsui
  • Nippon Steel Corporation

Methodology

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