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Extended Wi-Fi Family - From RF to Optical Technologies and Economics

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    Report

  • 206 Pages
  • January 2025
  • Region: Global
  • PracTel Inc
  • ID: 6044657

This report addresses recent or planned enhancements to one of the most established and powerful wireless technology - Wi-Fi. Originated in the 20s century, this WLAN family belongs to a very small group of communications technologies that do not getting obsolete over time. The family continues to grow adding new members that bring WLAN to the forefront of today innovations in communications with multiple applications and pushing up the limits in performance. Wi-Fi will support and strengthen 5G networks making them more flexible and efficient.

The report goal is to analyze recently introduced or still in the development advanced Wi-Fi technologies, their applications and marketplace. It also surveys related industries.

In particular, it addresses such developments as:

  • 60 GHz Wi-Fi - 802.11ad/ay. This is the Wi-Fi industry response on the users’ new requirements to support gigabits per second transmission rates over shorter ranges for such applications as a home/office distribution of HDVD and similar bandwidth-hunger applications. The report addresses specifics of 60 GHz channels and details WiGig/802.11ad technology. It also introduces the NG 60 GHz 802.11ay standard.
  • White Spaces Wi-Fi (White Wi-Fi - 802.11af). This technology allows utilizing the property of sub-gigahertz transmission together with Wi-Fi advances. It utilizes unused windows of the TV spectrum and will work with Cognitive Radios.
  • Sub - 6 GHz Wi-Fi - 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5). This development allows gigabits per second speed and enhancing IEEE 802.11n technology in the wide spectrum of characteristics. 
  • Sub - 1 GHz Wi-Fi (excluding White Spaces) - 802.11ah.
  • 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6), which stretches Wi-Fi characteristics beyond imaginable just a few years ago.
  • Wi-Fi 6E - 802.11ax in the 6 GHz band.
  • WAVE 802.11p - Dedicated Short Reach Communications 5.9 GHz- contribution of Wi-Fi in the development of the connected car. 
  • IEEE 802.11bd - Evolution of 802.11p.
  • IEEE 802.11bf - Wi-Fi Sensing.
  • IEEE 802.11bb - Optical Wi-Fi.
  • Other

The report details technical and marketing specifics of these types of WLAN technologies as well as surveys their industries and shows that Wi-Fi 6 is ready to meet a set of 5G requirements; with incoming Wi-Fi 7/8 bringing even wider spectrum of advanced characteristics.

The report was developed for technical and managerial personnel working on the Wi-Fi-related projects to give them better understanding the specifics of this family technologies and markets.

The report also includes the survey of Wi-Fi technologies related patents for 2018-2024.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
1.1 Wi-Fi Alliance
1.2 Wi-Fi Generations
1.3 Report Scope
1.4 Details
1.5 Research Methodology
1.6 Target Audience
2.0 IEEE 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5)
2.1 General - Improving 802.11n Characteristics
2.2 Approval
2.3 Major Features
2.4 Benefits
2.5 Usage Models
2.6 PHY
2.7 MAC Improvements
2.8 Waves
2.9 MIMO and 802.11ac Standard
2.9.1 Comparison
2.10 Industry
  • Broadcom
  • Buffalo
  • D-Link
  • Huawei
  • Linksys
  • Marvell
  • MediaTek
  • Netgear
  • Qorvo
  • On Semiconductor
  • Redpine Signals
2.11 Market
3.0 Wi-Fi 6/6E/7/
3.1 Wi-Fi
3.1.1 Scope
3.1.1.1 Initiation
3.1.1.2 Structure
3.1.2 Enhancements
3.1.2.1 Role of MU-MIMO
3.2 Marketing Considerations
3.3 Industry
  • Aruba (a HP Enterprise Company)
  • Asus
  • Broadcom
  • Extreme Networks
  • Huawei
  • Intel
  • Marvell
  • Qualcomm
3.4 Wi-Fi in 6 GHz Band - Wi-Fi 6E
3.5 803.11be (Wi-Fi 7)
3.5.1 Background
3.5.2 Scope
3.5.3 Schedule
3.5.4 Candidate Features
3.5.5 Initial Products
3.5.6 Benefits
4.0 11bn (Wi-Fi 8)
5.0 60 GHz Wi-Fi
5.1 Extending Wi-Fi Bands
5.1.1 Standards
5.2 General
5.3 60 GHz Band Spectrum Specifics
5.3.1 Frequencies Allocation
5.3.2 Oxygen Absorption
5.4 Summary
5.5 60 GHz WLAN
5.5.1 Benefits and Issues
5.5.2 WiGig Alliance
5.5.2.1 Specification: 60 GHz Wi-Fi
5.5.2.2   WiGig Protocol Adaption Layer Specifications
5.5.2.3 The WiGig Bus Extension and WiGig Serial Extension Specification
5.5.2.4 The WiGig Display Extension Specification
5.5.2.5 Union
5.5.3 IEEE 802.11ad - 60 GHz Wi-Fi
5.5.3.1 Status
5.5.3.2 Coexistence
5.5.3.3 Scope
5.5.3.4 Channelization
5.5.3.5 PHY
5.5.3.6 MAC
5.5.3.7 Specifics
5.5.3.8 Use Cases
5.5.3.9 Comments
5.5.3.10 Industry
  • Blu Wireless
  • Intel
  • Lattice
  • Peraso
  • Qualcomm
  • Tensorcom
  • TP-Link
5.5.4 802.11ay - Next Generation 60 GHz Wi-Fi
5.5.4.1 Purpose and Schedule
5.5.4.2 Scope
5.5.4.3 Channel Bonding and Aggregation
5.5.4.4 IEEE 802.11ay Physical Layer
5.5.4.5 Industry
  • Blu Wireless
  • Cambium Networks
  • IgniteNet
  • Qualcomm
5.6 60GHz Wi-Fi Market Considerations
5.6.1 Market Drivers
5.6.2 Usage Models
5.6.3 Market Estimate
6.0 White-Fi
6.1 White Spaces
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Digital Revolution
6.1.3 Factors
6.1.4 FCC Activity
6.1.4.1 Super Wi-Fi Hot Spots
6.1.4.2 Role of Database
6.1.4.3 Specifics
6.1.4.3.1 TV Spectrum Utilization
6.1.4.4 TVBD - Details
6.1.4.5 First Network
6.1.4.6 Use Cases
6.1.4.7 Latest FCC Decisions
6.2 Industry Activity - Dynamic Spectrum Alliance
6.3 IEEE Contributions
6.3.1 IEEE 802.11af
6.3.1.1 General: Expectations - White-Fi
6.3.1.2 Differences
6.3.1.3 Benefits
6.3.1.4 Specifics
6.3.1.4.1 Methods
6.3.1.4.2 Main Principles
6.3.1.4.3 PHY
6.3.1.5 Architecture
6.3.1.6 Market Considerations
6.3.1.7 White Space Alliance
7.0 802.11ah (Wi-Fi HaLow)
7.1 General
7.2 Goal and Schedule
7.3 Attributes
7.4 Use Cases
7.5 PHY Layer
7.5.1 Bandwidth
7.5.2 Channelization
7.5.3 Transmission Modes and MIMO
7.6 MAC Layer
7.7 Summary
7.8 Vendors
  • Gateworks
  • Morse Micro
  • Newracom
  • Palma Seia
  • Orca
  • Silex
8.0 IEEE 802.11p - IEEE 802.11bd
8.1 General
8.2 Objectives and Status
8.3 IEEE 802.11p - Major Features
8.4 ETSI ITS-G5 - Major Features
8.5 ASTM Contributions
8.6 Industry
  • Autotalks
  • Commsignia
  • Cohda Wireless
  • Kapsch
  • NXP
  • Qorvo
8.7 IEEE 802.11bd
8.7.1 Requirements - Advanced Vehicles Applications
8.7.2 802.11p Evolution
9.0 Wi-Fi Direct
9.1 Overview
9.2 Major Properties
10.0 Wi-Fi Aware
11.0 802.11az
11.1 General
11.2 Details
11.3 Benefits
12.0 Optical Wi-Fi
12.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum
12.2 OWC Types
12.3 OWC Use Cases
12.4 802.11bb
12.4.1 General
12.4.2 Scope
12.4.3 Differences
12.4.4 PHY and MAC Summary
13.0 IEEE P802.11bf
13.1 General
13.1.1 Wi-Fi Sensing
13.2 Scope
13.3 Industry
14.0 IEEE 802.11aq15.0 Conclusions
16. Attachments
Attachment I: 802.11ah - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment II: 802.11ad - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment III: 802.11ax - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment IV: 802.11ay - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment V: 802.11af - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment VI: 802.11p - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment VII: 802.11be - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)
Attachment VIII: 802.11bb - related Patents Survey (2018-2024)

List of Tables and Figures
Figure 1: 802.11ac Channels Assignment
Figure 2: MU-MIMO (DL)
Figure 3: 802.11n vs. 802.11ac
Figure 4:  Estimate - Global Sales - 802.11ac Chipsets ($B)
Figure 5: Estimate - Global Sales - 802.11ac Chipsets (Bil. Units)
Figure 6: Estimate - Global Sales - Wi-Fi 6/6E Chipsets ($B)
Figure 7: Estimate - Global Sales - Wi-Fi 6/6E (Units Bil.)
Figure 8: Preliminary Work Schedule - 802.11be
Figure 9: 60 GHz Connections
Figure 10: 60 GHz Band - Frequencies Plan
Figure 11: Signal Attenuation in 60 GHz Band
Figure 12: Absorption Details
Figure 13: 802.11ad MAC
Figure 14: Estimate: 60 GHz Wi-Fi Chipsets Sales - Global (Bil. Units)
Figure 15: Estimate: 60 GHz Wi-Fi Chipsets Sales - Global ($B)
Figure 16: Designated TVWS Channels
Figure 17: 802.11af Network Setup
Figure 18: Comparison
Figure 19: Standardized Frequency Spectrum (sub-1 GHz)
Figure 20: 802.11ah - Channelization Plan in U.S.
Figure 21: Wave Protocol Suite
Figure 22: Wave Applications and Channel Assignment
Figure 23: Diagram of Electromagnetic Spectrum
Figure 24: Visible Light Spectrum
Figure 25: OWC Illustration
Figure 26: Use Cases - OWC
Table 1: Wi-Fi Generations
Table 2: Comparative Characteristics - 802.11n and 802.11ac
Table 3: 802.11ac Characteristics
Table 4: Rates
Table 5: Usage Models
Table 6: Clients Scenarios
Table 7: PHY Features
Table 8: 802.11ac Waves
Table 9: Characteristics - 802.11ac vs 802.11ax
Table 10: Wi-Fi 7 Features
Table 11:  Wi-Fi Technologies Characteristics
Table 12: 60 GHz RF Industry (WLAN and WPAN)
Table 13: 802.11ad Major Features
Table 14: PHY-802.11ad
Table 15: Use Cases - 802.11ad
Table 16: Time Schedule
Table 17: 60 GHz Wi-Fi Usage Cases
Table 18: TV Channels (U.S.)
Table 19: IEEE WS-related Standards
Table 20: 802.11ah Features Summary
Table 21: Modulation
Table 22: ETSI G5 Channels and Services
Table 23: Requirements - Advanced Vehicular Applications
Table 24: Comparison - 802.11p and 802.11bd

Companies Mentioned

  • Broadcom
  • Buffalo
  • D-Link
  • Huawei
  • Linksys
  • Marvell
  • MediaTek
  • Netgear
  • Qorvo
  • On Semiconductor
  • Redpine Signals
  • Aruba (a HP Enterprise Company)
  • Asus
  • Broadcom
  • Extreme Networks
  • Huawei
  • Intel
  • Marvell
  • Qualcomm
  • Blu Wireless
  • Intel
  • Lattice
  • Peraso
  • Qualcomm
  • Tensorcom
  • TP-Link
  • Blu Wireless
  • Cambium Networks
  • IgniteNet
  • Qualcomm
  • Gateworks
  • Morse Micro
  • Newracom
  • Palma Seia
  • Orca
  • Silex
  • Autotalks
  • Commsignia
  • Cohda Wireless
  • Kapsch
  • NXP
  •  

Methodology

Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various Web sites was studied and analyzed; evaluation of publicly available marketing and technical publications was conducted.

Telephone conversations and interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives. In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.

The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the information content.

 

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