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Energy as a Service Market: Analysis By Service Type, By End-User, By Region Size And Trends With Impact Of COVID-19 And Forecast up to 2026

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    Report

  • 156 Pages
  • July 2022
  • Region: Global
  • Daedal Research
  • ID: 5633530
The global energy as a service (EaaS) market in 2021 was valued at US$61.18 billion. The market is expected to reach US$93.31 billion by 2026. The energy as a service business model allows customers to pay for an energy service without any upfront capital investment. EaaS is a solution to expand market adoption of advanced, low-carbon technologies. EaaS providers are responsible for maintaining and monitoring the energy supply, lowering the customers’ operating costs, and improving profitability.

The EaaS model offers various energy-related services to the consumers, rather than only supplying electricity. The customer benefits from avoiding direct electricity payments, expensive upgrades for electrical equipment or software, or device management while still benefiting from the use of the device. Governments around the world are taking considerable initiatives and measures to spread awareness about the benefits of using renewable energy, which has led to an increase in renewable energy demand and propelled the overall energy as a service market. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.9% during the forecast period of 2022-2026.


Market Segmentation Analysis:

  • By Service Type: The report provides the bifurcation of the global energy as a service market into three segments based on service type: Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services. In 2021, the energy supply services segment accounted for the maximum share of approximately 42% in the global energy as a service market owing to the rapid rise of distributed energy generation sources such as solar, wind, fuel cells, and heat and power, which in turn, has enhanced the demand for energy supply services.
  • By End User: The report further provided the segmentation based on the end user of the energy as a service: Commercial and Industrial. Commercial sector is expected to grow at the highest CAGR of 9.6% owing to the rise in demand for optimization of energy consumption in the commercial sector to reduce energy bills and support sustainable environmental growth.
  • By Region: In the report, the global energy as a service market is divided into five regions: Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. The Asia Pacific dominated the market in 2021 with almost 35% share of the global market. Asia is also expected to grow at the highest CAGR in the forecasted years owing to increased investments in smart energy infrastructure, renewable energy, and increasing urbanization across the region. For instance, under the Union Budget 2022-23, the Indian government announced the issuance of sovereign green bonds, as well as conferring infrastructure status to energy storage systems, including grid-scale battery systems. In the same budget, US$2.57 billion was allocated for a PLI scheme to boost the manufacturing of high-efficiency solar modules.
  • Within North America, the US dominates the energy as a service market. The US energy as a service market is segmented into three service types: Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services. The US energy as a service market is further segmented based on end-user: Commercial and Industrial. The US energy efficiency and optimization services market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR owing to the increase in the installation of the smart grid and smart meters.

Global Energy as a Service Market Dynamics:

  • Growth Drivers: One of the most important factors impacting the energy as a service market is the rapid growth in distributed energy resources. Distributed energy resources (DER) refer to often smaller generation units that are located on the consumer’s side of the meter. DERs offer a variety of energy- and cost-related advantages. Further, these power generation units can be deployed in areas that rely heavily on variable energy resources such as wind and solar to ensure uninterrupted power supply in case of disruptions. Through different services provision and revenue models, EaaS supports the deployment and operation of distributed energy resources. Thus, the growing demand for DERs and their cost-efficiency has resulted in the growth of the energy as a service market. Furthermore, the market has been growing over the past few years, due to factors such as increasing renewable energy generation, rapid urbanization and industrialization, increasing carbon emission, increasing investment in clean energy and energy efficiency, the proliferation of electric vehicles, etc.
  • Challenges: However, the market has been confronted with some challenges specifically, high integration and deployment cost, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, etc.
  • Trends: The market is projected to grow at a fast pace during the forecast period, due to various latest trends such as the internet of energy, increasing use of the smart grid, increasing installation of smart meters, advanced engineering in renewables, rapid digitalization, increasing use of blockchain, etc. The IoE (Internet of Energy) is a smart energy infrastructure system that incorporates the IoT to connect every point within the power grid: generation, load, distribution, storage, and smart meters. As a result, the IoE supports the power grid’s ability to operate with more efficiency, resiliency, and reliability. IoT technology enables commercial and industrial consumers to modulate their energy consumption through a predetermined algorithm tailored to their energy goals. Therefore, the peaks in electricity supply or demand can subsequently be met, and energy consumption becomes much more efficient. Hence, the increase in the integration of IoT in the energy sector is expected to significantly drive the demand for energy as a service model in the forecasted year.

Impact Analysis of COVID-19 and Way Forward:


The COVID-19 outbreak had an adverse effect on the energy as a service market. Industries that predominantly depend on renewable energy sources for operations were forced to function partially or shut down completely due to the rising number of cases. This impacted the renewable energy demand and affect the overall energy as a service market. In the post-COVID era, it is expected that the energy-as-a-service model would grow in importance to be a part of the smart energy community of its ability to reduce energy costs.

The energy investments in the initial stages of the pandemic have reduced significantly. Companies were already struggling to keep up with fixed costs and trying to survive the impact of COVID-19, any commitment to such huge capital investment is either put off, canceled, or delayed. Thus, the impact on the EaaS market was high in 2020. However, in 2021, annual global energy investment is set to rise to US$1.9 trillion, rebounding nearly 10% from 2020 and bringing the total volume of investment back towards pre-crisis levels.


Competitive Landscape:


The global energy as a service market is highly fragmented. Several well-established players are looking to adopt different product strategies such as launching new products to stay competitive in the overall market. A wide spectrum of stakeholders can benefit from EaaS because of the physical, digital and communication infrastructure required. Major electrical companies and manufacturers of industrial equipment are already creating energy-as-a-service products. The same goes for businesses in the telecommunications, technology, and oil & gas sectors, all of which offer unique advantages.


The key players in the global energy as a service market are:

  • ENGIE
  • Honeywell International Inc.
  • Veolia Environment S.A.
  • Enel S.p.A (Enel X)
  • Johnson Controls International PLC
  • AltaGas Ltd. (WGL Energy)
  • Centrica plc
  • Electricité de France S.A. (EDF Renewables)
  • ABB Group
  • Siemens AG
  • General Electric Company (GE)
  • Schneider Electric SE
  • Edison International (Edison Energy, LLC)
Most industry players are working to position themselves as a leader in the EaaS field, proving high-efficiency, low-emission power generation products and services that enable customers to increase their power resilience and lower energy costs & carbon emissions. The industry witnesses rising numbers of EaaS agreements formed by oil and gas customers for high reliability, more environmentally friendly power solutions for their operations. Other strategies opted by market players are mergers & acquisitions. For instance, in June 2022, Schneider Electric announced collaborating with Hitachi Energy to provide greater customer value and accelerate the energy transition. Also, in November 2021, ENGIE, alongside with the company’s partner Crédit Agricole Assurances, signed an agreement to acquire Eolia, a renewable company in Spain. With 0.9 GW of operating assets and 1.2 GW of renewable projects pipeline, this acquisition would add to ENGIE's scale in the Iberian Peninsula.

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction
2.1 Energy as a Service: An Overview
2.1.1 Introduction to Energy as a Service
2.2 Energy as a Service Segmentation: An Overview
2.2.1 Energy as a Service Segmentation
3. Global Market Analysis
3.1 Global Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
3.1.1 Global Energy as a Service Market by Value
3.1.2 Global Energy as a Service Market by Service Type (Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services)
3.1.3 Global Energy as a Service Market by End-User (Commercial and Industrial)
3.1.4 Global Energy as a Service Market by Region (Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa)
3.2 Global Energy as a Service Market: Service Type Analysis
3.2.1 Global Energy Supply Services Market by Value
3.2.2 Global Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value
3.2.3 Global Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value
3.3 Global Energy as a Service Market: End-User Analysis
3.3.1 Global Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value
3.3.2 Global Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value
4. Regional Market Analysis
4.1 Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
4.1.1 Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.2 Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Region (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the Rest of the Asia Pacific)
4.1.3 China Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.4 India Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.5 Japan Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.6 South Korea Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.7 Australia Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.1.8 Rest of Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2 North America Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
4.2.1 North America Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2.2 North America Energy as a Service Market by Region (The US, Canada, and Mexico)
4.2.3 The US Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2.4 The US Energy as a Service Market by Service Type (Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services)
4.2.5 The US Energy Supply Services Market by Value
4.2.6 The US Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value
4.2.7 The US Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value
4.2.8 The US Energy as a Service Market by End-User (Commercial and Industrial)
4.2.9 The US Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2.10 The US Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2.11 Canada Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.2.12 Mexico Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3 Europe Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
4.3.1 Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.2 Europe Energy as a Service Market by Region (Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Spain, and the Rest of Europe)
4.3.3 Germany Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.4 France Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.5 The UK Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.6 Italy Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.7 Spain Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.3.8 Rest of Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.4 Latin America Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
4.4.1 Latin America Energy as a Service Market by Value
4.5 Middle East & Africa Energy as a Service Market: An Analysis
4.5.1 Middle East & Africa Energy as a Service Market by Value
5. Impact of COVID-19
5.1 Impact of COVID-19 on Energy as a Service Market
5.2 Impact of COVID-19 on Energy Demand
5.3 Impact of COVID-19 on Energy Investment
5.4 Post COVID-19 Impact on Energy as a Service Market
6. Market Dynamics
6.1 Growth Driver
6.1.1 Increasing Renewable Energy Generation
6.1.2 Rapid Urbanization and Industrialization
6.1.3 Increasing Carbon Emissions
6.1.4 Increasing Investment in Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency
6.1.5 Proliferation of Electric Vehicles
6.1.6 Rapid Growth in Distributed Energy Resources
6.1.7 Multi-Beneficial Model
6.2 Challenges
6.2.1 High Integration and Deployment Cost
6.2.2 Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities
6.3 Market Trends
6.3.1 Internet of Energy
6.3.2 Increasing Use of Smart Grid
6.3.3 Increasing Installation of Smart Meters
6.3.4 Advanced Engineering in Renewables
6.3.5 Rapid Digitalization
6.3.6 Increasing Use of Blockchain
7. Competitive Landscape
7.1 Global Energy as a Service Market Players: Merger and Acquisitions
8. Company Profiles
8.1 ENGIE
8.1.1 Business Overview
8.1.2 Operating Segment
8.1.3 Business Strategy
8.2 Honeywell International Inc.
8.2.1 Business Overview
8.2.2 Operating Segment
8.2.3 Business Strategy
8.3 Veolia Environment S.A.
8.3.1 Business Overview
8.3.2 Revenue by Business Line
8.3.3 Business Strategy
8.4 Enel S.p.A (Enel X)
8.4.1 Business Overview
8.4.2 Operating Business Line
8.4.3 Business Strategy
8.5 Johnson Controls International PLC
8.5.1 Business Overview
8.5.2 Operating Segments
8.5.3 Business Strategy
8.6 AltaGas Ltd. (WGL Energy)
8.6.1 Business Overview
8.6.2 Operating Segments
8.6.3 Business Strategy
8.7 Centrica plc
8.7.1 Business Overview
8.7.2 Operating Segments
8.7.3 Business Strategy
8.8 Electricité de France S.A. (EDF Renewables)
8.8.1 Business Overview
8.8.2 Operating Segments
8.8.3 Business Strategy
8.9 ABB Group
8.9.1 Business Overview
8.9.2 Operating Businesses Areas
8.9.3 Business Strategy
8.10 Siemens AG
8.10.1 Business Overview
8.10.2 Operating Segments
8.10.3 Business Strategy
8.11 General Electric Company (GE)
8.11.1 Business Overview
8.11.2 Operating Segments
8.11.3 Business Strategy
8.12 Schneider Electric SE
8.12.1 Business Overview
8.12.2 Operating Segments
8.12.3 Business Strategy
8.13 Edison International (Edison Energy, LLC)
8.13.1 Business Overview
8.13.2 Business Strategy
List of Figures and Tables
Figure 1: Energy as a Service Segmentation
Figure 2: Global Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 3: Global Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 4: Global Energy as a Service Market by Service Type; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 5: Global Energy as a Service Market by End-User; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 6: Global Energy as a Service Market by Region; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 7: Global Energy Supply Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 8: Global Energy Supply Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 9: Global Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 10: Global Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 11: Global Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 12: Global Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 13: Global Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 14: Global Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 15: Global Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 16: Global Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 17: Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 18: Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 19: Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Region; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 20: China Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 21: China Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 22: India Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 23: India Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 24: Japan Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 25: Japan Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 26: South Korea Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Million)
Figure 27: South Korea Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 28: Australia Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Million)
Figure 29: Australia Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Million)
Figure 30: Rest of Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 31: Rest of Asia Pacific Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 32: North America Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 33: North America Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 34: North America Energy as a Service Market by Region; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 35: The US Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 36: The US Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 37: The US Energy as a Service Market by Service Type; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 38: The US Energy Supply Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 39: The US Energy Supply Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 40: The US Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 41: The US Operational and Maintenance Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 42: The US Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 43: The US Energy Efficiency and Optimization Services Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 44: The US Energy as a Service Market by End-User; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 45: The US Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 46: The US Commercial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 47: The US Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 48: The US Industrial Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 49: Canada Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 50: Canada Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 51: Mexico Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 52: Mexico Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 53: Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 54: Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 55: Europe Energy as a Service Market by Region; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 56: Germany Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 57: Germany Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 58: France Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 59: France Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 60: The UK Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 61: The UK Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 62: Italy Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 63: Italy Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 64: Spain Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 65: Spain Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 66: Rest of Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 67: Rest of Europe Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 68: Latin America Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 69: Latin America Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 70: Middle East & Africa Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 71: Middle East & Africa Energy as a Service Market by Value; 2022-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 72: Global Primary Energy Demand Relative to 2019; 2019-2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 73: Global Energy Investment; 2018-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 74: Global Net Renewable Capacity Additions in Solar PV; 2019-2022 (Gigawatts)
Figure 75: Global Share of Urban Population in Total Population; 2015-2050 (Percentage, %)
Figure 76: Global Annual Carbon Emission; 2005-2021 (GtCo2)
Figure 77: Global Investment in Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency; 2017-2021 (US$ Billion)
Figure 78: Global Sales Market Share of Electric Vehicles; 2015-2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 79: Global Internet Of Things (IoT) Value in Energy Market; 2020-2025 (US$ Billion)
Figure 80: Global Smart Grid Technology Market Size; 2021-2026 (US$ Billion)
Figure 81: ENGIE Revenues by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 82: Honeywell International Inc. Net Sales by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 83: Veolia Environment S.A. Revenue by Business Line; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 84: Enel S.p.A Revenue by Business Line; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 85: Johnson Controls International PLC Net Sales by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 86: AltaGas Ltd. Revenue by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 87: Centrica Revenue by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 88: Electricite de France S.A. Sales by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 89: ABB Group Revenues by Business Areas; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 90: Siemens AG Revenue by Segments; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 91: General Electric Company (GE) Revenues by Segments; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Figure 92: Schneider Electric SE Revenue by Segment; 2021 (Percentage, %)
Table 1: Global Energy as a Service Market Players: Merger and Acquisitions; 2021

Executive Summary

The report titled “Global Energy as a Service Market: Analysis By Service Type (Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services), By End-User (Commercial and Industrial), By Region Size And Trends With Impact Of COVID-19 And Forecast up to 2026” provides an in-depth analysis of the global energy as a service market by value, by service types, by end-user, by region (Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the Rest of the Asia Pacific), North America (The US, Canada, and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Spain, and the Rest of Europe), Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa), etc. The report also provides a detailed analysis of the COVID-19 impact on the global energy as a service market.


Scope of the Report:


The report titled “Global Energy as a Service (EaaS) Market: Analysis By Service Type (Energy Supply Services, Operational and Maintenance Services, and Energy Efficiency & Optimization Services), By End-User (Commercial and Industrial), By Region Size And Trends With Impact Of COVID-19 And Forecast up to 2026”, includes:

  • An in-depth analysis of the global energy as a service market by value, by service type, by end user, by region, etc.
  • The regional analysis of the energy as a service market, including the following regions:
    • Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the Rest of the Asia Pacific)
    • North America (The US, Canada, and Mexico)
    • Europe (Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Spain, and the Rest of Europe)
    • Latin America
    • Middle East & Africa
  • Comprehensive information about emerging markets. This report analyses the market for various segments across geographies.
  • Provides an analysis of the COVID-19 impact on the global energy as a service market.
  • Assesses the key opportunities in the market and outlines the factors that are and will be driving the growth of the industry. Growth of the overall energy as a service market has also been forecasted for the period 2022-2026, taking into consideration the previous growth patterns, the growth drivers, and the current and future trends.
  • Evaluation of the potential role of energy as a service to improve the market status.
  • Identification of new technological developments, R&D activities, and product launches occuring in the energy as a service market.
  • In-depth profiling of the key players, including the assessment of the business overview, market strategies, regional and business segments of the leading players in the market.
  • The recent developments, mergers and acquisitions related to mentioned key players are provided in the market report.
  • The in-depth analysis provides an insight into the market, underlining the growth rate and opportunities offered in the business.

Companies Mentioned

  • ENGIE
  • Honeywell International Inc.
  • Veolia Environment S.A.
  • Enel S.p.A (Enel X)
  • Johnson Controls International PLC
  • AltaGas Ltd. (WGL Energy)
  • Centrica plc
  • Electricité de France S.A. (EDF Renewables)
  • ABB Group
  • Siemens AG
  • General Electric Company (GE)
  • Schneider Electric SE
  • Edison International (Edison Energy, LLC)

Methodology

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