2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1 Biochemicals
2.1.1 Definition and Scope
2.2 Market drivers and trends
2.3 Market challenges
2.4 Bio-based products value chain
2.5 Competitive Landscape
2.6 Production of bio-based chemicals
2.6.1 Market players
2.6.2 Market map
2.7 Life cycle assessment
2.8 Market Outlook and Forecasts
2.8.1 Demand trends and growth opportunities
2.9 Global production capacity forecasts
2.10 Regional supply/demand analysis
2.10.1 North America
2.10.2 Asia Pacific
2.10.3 Europe
2.10.4 Latin America
2.10.5 Middle East & Africa
3 TYPES OF FEEDSTOCKS
3.1 Biorefineries
3.2 Bio-based feedstock and land use
3.3 Plant-based
3.4 Waste-based
3.5 Microbial and mineral sources
3.6 CO2
4 PRODUCTION PATHWAYS
4.1 Biochemical
4.1.1 Fermentation
4.1.2 Enzymatic Catalysis
4.2 Thermochemical
4.2.1 Gasification
4.2.2 Pyrolysis
4.2.3 Hydrothermal liquefaction
4.2.4 Hydroprocessing
4.2.5 Fischer Tropsch synthesis
4.2.6 Catalytic pyrolysis
4.3 Chemical/catalytic conversion
4.3.1 Catalytic cracking/reforming
4.3.2 Esterification
4.3.3 Etherification
4.3.4 Oligomerization
4.3.5 Oxidation
4.3.6 Hydrogenation/Hydrotreating
4.3.7 Hydrodeoxygenation
4.3.8 Hydrolysis
4.3.9 Condensation
4.4 Hybrid processes
5 FEEDSTOCK AND INTERMEDIATES
5.1 PLANT-BASED
5.1.1 STARCH
5.1.1.1 Overveiw
5.1.1.2 Sources
5.1.1.3 Global production
5.1.1.4 Lysine
5.1.1.4.1 Sources
5.1.1.4.2 Applications
5.1.1.4.3 Global production
5.1.1.5 Glucose
5.1.1.5.1 HMDA
5.1.1.5.1.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.1.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.1.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.1.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.2 DN5
5.1.1.5.2.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.2.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.2.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.2.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.3 Sorbitol
5.1.1.5.3.1 Isosorbide
5.1.1.5.3.1.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.3.1.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.3.1.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.3.1.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.4 Lactic acid
5.1.1.5.4.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.4.2 D-lactic acid
5.1.1.5.4.3 L-lactic acid
5.1.1.5.4.4 Lactide
5.1.1.5.5 Itaconic acid
5.1.1.5.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.5.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.5.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.5.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.6 3-HP
5.1.1.5.6.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.6.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.6.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.6.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.6.5 Acrylic acid
5.1.1.5.6.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.6.5.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.6.5.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.6.6 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)
5.1.1.5.6.6.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.6.6.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.6.6.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.7 Succinic Acid
5.1.1.5.7.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.7.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.7.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.7.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.7.5 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO)
5.1.1.5.7.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.7.5.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.7.5.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.7.6 Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
5.1.1.5.7.6.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.7.6.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.7.6.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.8 Adipic acid
5.1.1.5.8.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.8.2 Caprolactame
5.1.1.5.8.2.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.8.2.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.8.2.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.9 Isobutanol
5.1.1.5.9.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.9.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.9.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.9.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.9.5 1,4-Butanediol
5.1.1.5.9.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.9.5.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.9.5.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.9.6 p-Xylene
5.1.1.5.9.6.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.9.6.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.9.6.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.9.6.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.9.6.5 Terephthalic acid
5.1.1.5.9.6.6 Overview
5.1.1.5.9.6.6.1 Applications
5.1.1.5.9.6.6.2 Global production
5.1.1.5.10 1,3 Proppanediol
5.1.1.5.10.1.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.10.1.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.10.1.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.10.1.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.11 MEG
5.1.1.5.11.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.11.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.11.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.11.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.12 Ethanol
5.1.1.5.12.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.12.2 Sources
5.1.1.5.12.3 Applications
5.1.1.5.12.4 Global production
5.1.1.5.12.5 Ethylene
5.1.1.5.12.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.12.5.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.12.5.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.12.5.4 Propylene
5.1.1.5.12.5.4.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.12.5.4.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.12.5.4.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.12.5.5 Vinyl chloride
5.1.1.5.12.5.5.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.12.5.5.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.12.5.5.3 Global production
5.1.1.5.12.6 Methly methacrylate
5.1.1.5.12.6.1.1 Overview
5.1.1.5.12.6.1.2 Applications
5.1.1.5.12.6.1.3 Global production
5.1.2 SUGAR CROPS
5.1.2.1 Saccharose
5.1.2.1.1 Aniline
5.1.2.1.1.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.1.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.1.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2 Fructose
5.1.2.1.2.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2.4 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF)
5.1.2.1.2.4.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.4.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.4.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2.5 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF)
5.1.2.1.2.5.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.5.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.5.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2.6 Levulinic Acid
5.1.2.1.2.6.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.6.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.6.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2.7 FDME
5.1.2.1.2.7.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.7.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.7.3 Global production
5.1.2.1.2.8 2,5-FDCA
5.1.2.1.2.8.1 Overview
5.1.2.1.2.8.2 Applications
5.1.2.1.2.8.3 Global production
5.1.3 LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS
5.1.3.1 Levoglucosenone
5.1.3.1.1 Overview
5.1.3.1.2 Applications
5.1.3.1.3 Global production
5.1.3.2 Hemicellulose
5.1.3.2.1 Overview
5.1.3.2.2 Biochemicals from hemicellulose
5.1.3.2.3 Global production
5.1.3.2.4 Furfural
5.1.3.2.4.1 Overview
5.1.3.2.4.2 Applications
5.1.3.2.4.3 Global production
5.1.3.2.4.4 Furfuyl alcohol
5.1.3.2.4.4.1 Overview
5.1.3.2.4.4.2 Applications
5.1.3.2.4.4.3 Global production
5.1.3.3 Lignin
5.1.3.3.1 Overview
5.1.3.3.2 Sources
5.1.3.3.3 Applications
5.1.3.3.3.1 Aromatic compounds
5.1.3.3.3.1.1 Benzene, toluene and xylene
5.1.3.3.3.1.2 Phenol and phenolic resins
5.1.3.3.3.1.3 Vanillin
5.1.3.3.3.2 Polymers
5.1.3.3.4 Global production
5.1.4 PLANT OILS
5.1.4.1 Overview
5.1.4.2 Glycerol
5.1.4.2.1 Overview
5.1.4.2.2 Applications
5.1.4.2.3 Global production
5.1.4.2.4 MPG
5.1.4.2.4.1 Overview
5.1.4.2.4.2 Applications
5.1.4.2.4.3 Global production
5.1.4.2.5 ECH
5.1.4.2.5.1 Overview
5.1.4.2.5.2 Applications
5.1.4.2.5.3 Global production
5.1.4.3 Fatty acids
5.1.4.3.1 Overview
5.1.4.3.2 Applications
5.1.4.3.3 Global production
5.1.4.3.4 PHA
5.1.4.3.4.1 Overview
5.1.4.3.4.2 Applications
5.1.4.3.4.3 Global production
5.1.4.4 Castor oil
5.1.4.4.1 Overview
5.1.4.4.2 Sebacic acid
5.1.4.4.2.1 Overview
5.1.4.4.2.2 Applications
5.1.4.4.2.3 Global production
5.1.4.4.3 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA)
5.1.4.4.3.1 Overview
5.1.4.4.3.2 Applications
5.1.4.4.3.3 Global production
5.1.4.5 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA)
5.1.4.5.1 Overview
5.1.4.5.2 Applications
5.1.4.5.3 Global production
5.1.4.6 Epichlorohydrin (ECH)
5.1.4.6.1 Overview
5.1.4.6.2 Applications
5.1.4.6.3 Global production
5.1.4.7 Pentamethylene diisocyanate
5.1.4.7.1 Overview
5.1.4.7.2 Applications
5.1.4.7.3 Global production
5.1.5 NON-EDIBIBLE MILK
5.1.5.1 Casein
5.1.5.1.1 Overview
5.1.5.1.2 Applications
5.1.5.1.3 Global production
5.2 WASTE
5.2.1 Food waste
5.2.1.1 Overview
5.2.1.2 Products and applications
5.2.1.3 Global production
5.2.2 Agricultural waste
5.2.2.1 Overview
5.2.2.2 Products and applications
5.2.2.3 Global production
5.2.3 Forestry waste
5.2.3.1 Overview
5.2.3.2 Products and applications
5.2.3.3 Global production
5.2.4 Aquaculture/fishing waste
5.2.4.1 Overview
5.2.4.2 Products and applications
5.2.4.3 Global production
5.2.5 Municipal solid waste
5.2.5.1 Overview
5.2.5.2 Products and applications
5.2.5.3 Global production
5.2.6 Industrial waste
5.2.6.1 Overview
5.2.6.2 Products and applications
5.2.6.3 Global production
5.2.6.4 Glycerol
5.2.6.4.1 Overview
5.2.6.4.2 Products and applications
5.2.6.4.3 Global production
5.2.7 Waste oils
5.2.7.1 Overview
5.2.7.2 Products and applications
5.2.7.3 Global production
5.2.7.4 Naphtha
5.2.7.4.1 Overview
5.3 MICROBIAL & MINERAL SOURCES
5.3.1 Global production
5.3.2 Microalgae
5.3.2.1 Overview
5.3.2.2 Products and applications
5.3.3 Macroalgae
5.3.3.1 Overview
5.3.3.2 Products and applications
5.3.4 Methane hydrates
5.3.4.1 Overview
5.3.4.2 Products and applications
5.3.5 Mineral sources
5.3.5.1 Overview
5.3.5.2 Products and applications
5.4 GASEOUS
5.4.1 Biogas
5.4.1.1 Overview
5.4.1.2 Products and applications
5.4.1.3 Global production
5.4.2 Syngas
5.4.2.1 Products and applications
5.4.2.2 Global production
5.4.3 Off gases - fermentation CO2, CO
5.4.3.1 Overview
5.4.3.2 Products and applications
6 END-USE MARKETS
6.1 Biofuels
6.1.1 Market overview
6.1.2 Products and applications
6.1.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.2 Bioplastics and biopolymers
6.2.1 Market overview
6.2.2 Products and applications
6.2.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.3 Solvents
6.3.1 Market overview
6.3.2 Products and applications
6.3.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.4 Lubricants
6.4.1 Market overview
6.4.2 Products and applications
6.4.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.5 Surfactants
6.5.1 Market overview
6.5.2 Products and applications
6.5.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.6 Pharmaceutical ingredients
6.6.1 Market overview
6.6.2 Products and applications
6.6.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.7 Food additives
6.7.1 Market overview
6.7.2 Products and applications
6.7.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
6.8 Personal care products
6.8.1 Market overview
6.8.2 Products and applications
6.8.3 Global market revenues 2018-2034
List of Tables
Table 1. Market drivers and trends in bio-based chemical feedstocks and intermediates
Table 2. Market challenges in bio-based chemical feedstocks and intermediates
Table 3. Market players in biochemical feedstocks and intermediates
Table 4. Global production capacity forecasts for biobased chemical feedstocks and intermediates
Table 5. Plant-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
Table 6. Waste-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
Table 7. Microbial and mineral-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
Table 8. Example CO2 utilization pathways
Table 9. Overview of Fossil- and Biobased Production Pathways
Table 10. Examples of Fermentation Products
Table 11. Biochemicals Produced by Enzymatic Catalysis
Table 12. Examples of Hybrid Biochemical Production
Table 13. Lactide applications
Table 14. Biobased MEG producers capacities
Table 15. Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
Table 16. Lignin aromatic compound products
Table 17. Prices of benzene, toluene, xylene and their derivatives
Table 18. Lignin products in polymeric materials
Table 19. Application of lignin in plastics and composites
Table 20. Biofuel products and applications
Table 21. Bioplastics and biopolymers products and applications
Table 22. Biobased solvent products and applications
Table 23. Biobased lubricants products and applications
Table 24. Biobased surfactant products and applications
Table 25. Biobased pharmaceutical ingredients and applications
Table 26. Biobased food additive products and applications
Table 27. Biobased personal care products and applications
List of Figures
Figure 1. Bio-based products value chain
Figure 2. Market map for bio-based chemical feedstocks and intermediates
Figure 3. Global production capacity forecasts, by feedstocks, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 4. Biochemicals demand in North America, by type, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 5. Biochemicals demand in Asia Pacific, by type, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 6. Biochemicals demand in Europe, by type, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 7. Biochemicals demand in Latin America, by type, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 8. Biochemicals demand in Middle East & Africa , by type, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 9. Schematic of biorefinery processes
Figure 10. Global biomass utilization
Figure 11. Carbon dioxide utilization and removal cycle
Figure 12. Co2 utilization pathways and products
Figure 13. Global production of starch for biobased chemicals and intermediates, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 14. Global production of biobased lysine, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 15. Global glucode production for bio-based chemicals and intermediates 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 16. Global production of bio-HMDA lysine, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 17. Global production of bio-based DN5, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 18. Global production of bio-based isosorbide, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 19. L-lactic acid (L-LA) production, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 20. Lactide production capacities, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 21. Global production of bio-itaconic acid, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 22. Potential industrial uses of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid
Figure 23. Global production of 3-HP, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 24. Global production of bio-based acrylic acid, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 25. Global production of bio-based 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 26. Global production of bio-based Succinic acid, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 27. Global production of 1,4-Butanediol (BDO), 2018-2033 (metric tonnes)
Figure 28. Global production of bio-based tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 29. Overview of Toray process. Overview of process
Figure 30. Global production of bio-based caprolactam, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 31. Global production of bio-based isobutanol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 32. Global production of bio-based 1,4-butanediol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 33. Global production of bio-based p-xylene, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 34. Global production of biobased terephthalic acid (TPA), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 35. Global production of biobased 1,3 Proppanediol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 36. Global production of biobased MEG, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 37. Global production of biobased 1,3 Proppanediol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 38. Bio-MEG production capacities, 2018-2033
Figure 39. Global production of biobased ethanol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 40. Global production of biobased ethylene, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 41. Global production of biobased propylene, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 42. Global production of biobased vinyl chloride, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 43. Global production of biobased Methly methacrylate, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 44. Global production of biobased aniline, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 45. Global production of biobased fructose, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 46. Global production of biobased 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 47. Global production of biobased 5-(Chloromethyl)furfural (CMF), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 48. Global production of biobased Levulinic acid, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 49. Global production of biobased FDME, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 50. Global production of biobased Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 51. Global production of hemicellulose, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 52. Global production of biobased furfural, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 53. Global production of biobased furfuryl alcohol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 54. Schematic of WISA plywood home
Figure 55. Global production of biobased lignin, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 56. Global production of biobased glycerol, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 57. Global production of Bio-MPG, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 58. Global production of biobased ECH, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 59. Global production of biobased fatty acids, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 60. Global production of PHA, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 61. Sebacic acid production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes)
Figure 62. Global production of biobased sebacic acid, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 63. Production capacities for 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA), tonnes
Figure 64. Global production of biobased 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 65. Global production of biobased Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA), 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 66. Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes)
Figure 67. Global production of biobased Epichlorohydrin, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 68. Epichlorohydrin production capacities, 2018-2033 (tonnes)
Figure 69. Global production of biobased Pentamethylene diisocyanate, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 70. Global production of biobased casein, 2018-2034 (metric tonnes)
Figure 71. Global production of food waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 72. Global production of agricultural waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 73. Global production of forestry waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 74. Global production of aquaculture/fishing waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 75. Global production of agricultural waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 76. Global production of municipal solid waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 77. Global production of industrial waste for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 78. Global production of biobased glycerol for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 79. Global production of waste oils for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 80. Global production of microbial and mineral sources for biochemicals, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 81. Global production of biogas, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 82. Global production of syngas, 2018-2034 (million metric tonnes)
Figure 83. Global market revenues for biofuels, by type, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 84. Global market revenues for bioplastics and biopolymers, by type, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 85. Global market revenues for biobased solvents, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 86. Global market revenues for biobased lubricants, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 87. Global market revenues for biobased surfactants, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 88. Global market revenues for biobased pharmaceutical ingredients, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 89. Global market revenues for biobased food additive, by type, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 90. Global market revenues for biobased personal care, by type, 2018-2034 (Millions USD)
Figure 91. formicobio™ technology
Figure 92. Domsjö process
Figure 93. TMP-Bio Process
Figure 94. Lignin gel
Figure 95. BioFlex process
Figure 96. LX Process
Figure 97. METNIN™ Lignin refining technology
Figure 98. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process
Figure 99. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk
Figure 100. UPM biorefinery process
Figure 101. The Proesa® Process
Figure 102. Goldilocks process and applications