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Ocean farming, also known as mariculture, is a sector of agriculture that involves the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products in the open ocean, an enclosed section of the ocean, or in tanks, ponds, or raceways filled with seawater. This includes the production of species such as fish, shellfish, seaweed, and algae. Ocean farming can contribute to sustainable food supply chains by producing high-quality protein with a relatively low environmental footprint compared to some terrestrial farming systems. The practice leverages the vast expanses of the ocean and can mitigate overfishing pressure on wild fisheries. Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is an advanced approach within ocean farming where the by-products of one species are utilized by another, creating a circular, more environmentally sustainable system.
Several companies specialize in ocean farming. These include AquaBounty Technologies, a company known for its genetically modified salmon; Cermaq, a producer of farmed salmon and trout; Cooke Aquaculture, which provides a variety of seafood products; and Seafarms Group, involved in shrimp production. Additionally, companies like GreenWave support regenerative ocean farming methods, particularly focusing on seaweed and shellfish, promoting ocean health and providing economic opportunities for coastal communities. Show Less Read more