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Hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2-ICEs) are a type of powerplant that use hydrogen as a fuel, adapted from traditional internal combustion engines. The hydrogen engine market exists parallel to the rapidly advancing electric (EV) and hybrid vehicle sectors. While EVs rely solely on electric motors powered by stored electricity in batteries, hybrid vehicles combine internal combustion engines with electric propulsion, offering a blend of both technologies. Hydrothersogen ICEs present an alternative path to decarbonization, attracting interest due to hydrogen's high energy density and the potential for leveraging existing engine and refueling infrastructure.
While electric and hybrid vehicles have gained a dominant foothold due to technological maturity, ease of recharging, and increasing public and private sector support, hydrogen ICEs compete by providing a low-carbon solution without the need for significant shifts in vehicle architecture or consumer behavior, albeit with current limitations in efficiency, hydrogen production, and distribution infrastructure. Nonetheless, hydrogen fuel is viewed as a complementary option, particularly in niche markets or applications where battery weight or charging limitations present hurdles, such as in heavy-duty or long-haul transport.
Key players involved in the development and production of hydrogen internal combustion engines include Toyota, which has been pioneering in advancing hydrogen fuel technology with its Mirai, and companies like BMW and Cummins, which have also invested in exploring the potential of H2-ICEs as a power source for vehicles. These companies are actively engaged in R&D to enhance the feasibility and performance of hydrogen engines in Show Less Read more